Virome Diversity Correlates with Intestinal Microbiome Diversity in Adult Monozygotic Twins15.923Cell Host Microbe . 2019 Feb 13;25(2):261-272.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.01.019.
Abstract
The virome is one of the most variable components of the human gut microbiome. Within twin pairs, viromes have been shown to be similar for infants, but not for adults, indicating that as twins age and their environments and microbiomes diverge, so do their viromes. The degree to which the microbiome drives the vast virome diversity is unclear. Here, we examine the relationship between microbiome and virome diversity in 21 adult monozygotic twin pairs selected for high or low microbiome concordance. Viromes derived from virus-like particles are unique to each individual, are dominated by Caudovirales and Microviridae, and exhibit a small core that includes crAssphage. Microbiome-discordant twins display more dissimilar viromes compared to microbiome-concordant twins, and the richer the microbiomes, the richer the viromes. These patterns are driven by bacteriophages, not eukaryotic viruses. Collectively, these observations support a strong role of the microbiome in patterning for the virome.
Keywords: concordant and discordant monozygotic twins; human gut microbiome; human gut virome.
病毒体是人肠道微生物组的最可变组分之一。双胞胎相貌、形态都是极为相似,婴儿时期病毒体似,但随着生长环境和微生物组发生分歧,他们的病毒体也会发生分歧。在没有考虑宿主遗传变量的情况下,按微生物组一致性的高或低对同卵双胞胎进行分类,探究微生物多样性如何与病毒组多样性相关。
研究思路
取21对成人同卵双胞胎粪便样本,进行16S rRNA测序分析微生物组成,同时富集和纯化样本中病毒组进行宏基因组测序仪分析病毒多样性。
研究结果
1)、微生物组一致或者不一致的同卵双胞胎差异
2)、类病毒颗粒(VLP)去除细菌污染
类病毒颗粒(virus-like particles)制备和测序的病毒可能被细菌DNA污染。宏基因组数据鉴别了65个潜在污染的细菌基因组,大多数属于Firmicutes。而观察到污染的DNA和微生物组中代表分类群的相对丰度之间没有显著的相关性(下图)。
3)、病毒组功能注释
4)、肠道病毒组中噬菌体占优势
5)、病毒多样性与微生物多样性相关
微生物组一致性的双胞胎病毒组β-多样性较低,在微生物组和病毒组β-多样性之间观察到显著正相关。这种关系是由噬菌体而不是真核病毒驱动的。
通过比较相关(同卵双胞胎)和无关个体之间的病毒组和微生物组的成对距离(pairwise distance),结果显示病毒组和微生物组β-多样性测量值之间的正相关。不管宿主之间的遗传相关性如何,个体的微生物组越相似,病毒组也会越相似。即肠道菌群结构可用于预测病毒组结构。
人类肠道病毒组具有高度变异性,病毒组仍然是微生物组中相对未被探索的组分。通过对病毒颗粒的富集纯化,宏基因组测序研究表明肠道微生物组的丰富性和多样性与病毒体丰富度和多样性相关,并强调了噬菌体在肠道病毒组中的核心作用。